Toxic effects of aliphatic chlorinated by-products from vinyl chloride production on marine animals
Rosenberg, R.; Grahn, O.; Johansson, L. (1975). Toxic effects of aliphatic chlorinated by-products from vinyl chloride production on marine animals. Wat. Res. 9(7): 607-612. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(75)90164-5
In: Water Research. Elsevier: Oxford; New York. ISSN 0043-1354; e-ISSN 1879-2448, more
The acute toxic effects of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, formed as by-products from 1 Swedish and 1 Norwegian plastic production factory, were examined by experiments with cod (Gadus morhua), shrimp (Crangon crangon) and a polychaete (Ophryotrocha labronica).The toxicity of 1,2- dichloroethane-a dominating compd of the by-products-and a distillate with heavier compds were also estimated. The toxicity (48 hr, LC50) ratio between the concs of a Swedish by-product, a Norwegian by-product, and dichloroethane was 1:9:34. The effects of 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2- trichloroethane and 1,1, 2-trichloroetheme on the reproductivity, and on the survival of adults of Ophryotrocha were studied. The reproductivity was affected by these components in far lower concs than those having acute toxic effects on adult specimens. In 1 experiment series, Ophryotrocha was exposed suddenly to the test solutions and in a 2nd series the 1st presentation was made by a successive increase of the conc during 1 hr. The estimated 96-hr LC50-values for the test with successive increase were 1.8-3.1 times higher than those found for the test with sudden exposure. It is suggested that a physiological shock in the start of bioassay experiments might have reduced the LC50-values in many previous tests.
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