End bearing response of open-ended pipe piles embedded in rock
Jafari, M.; Gharsallaoui, H.; Victor, K.H.; Holeyman, A. (2019). End bearing response of open-ended pipe piles embedded in rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 119: 46-57. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2019.04.008
In: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD: Oxford. ISSN 1365-1609; e-ISSN 1873-4545, more
Prediction of bearing capacity of steel pipe piles in rock masses is an important consideration in civil engineering especially as such prediction influences the safety of the supported superstructures as well as the pile integrity in pile driving operations. Provided that the rock mass is described as a linear elastic and perfectly plastic material obeying the Hoek-Brown failure criterion, a finite element analysis is performed to investigate the embedment depth effect on the annular base bearing capacity and the failure mechanism of typical open-ended pipe piles in sedimentary rock masses. The pipe pile has smooth walls and rough toe surface. Annular toe resistance of pipe piles can serve as an estimate of the rock mass resistance to driving in a fully coring mode which is usually expected for large diameter open-ended pipe piles. Pipe pile results are also extended to circular piles and embedded strip foundations socketed in rock masses. The analysis is shown to highlight the influence of the annular geometry of the pipe pile causing an unsymmetrical failure mechanism with respect to pipe wall center as well as an inclination of rock mass reaction, which if sufficiently large, may lead to pile convergence and damage during pile driving operations. The failure mechanism legitimates the plug tendency to rise up in the pipe and explains the plug formation. The study demonstrates that in most practical applications, the bearing capacity of pipe piles approaches a limiting value, which is less than or at most equal to the end bearing capacity of an embedded strip foundation of width equal to the pipe wall thickness. A comparison has been made with experimental data. It is shown that the results are relatively in good agreement with test data in terms of rock mass resistance and the mechanism of rock plug formation.
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