CO2 and northern hemisphere ice volume variations over the middle and Late quaternary
Li, X.S.; Berger, A.; Loutre, M.F. (1998). CO2 and northern hemisphere ice volume variations over the middle and Late quaternary. Clim. Dyn. 14(7-8): 537-544. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050240
The atmospheric CO2 concentrations have been reconstructed over the past 600 ka based on regression between the Vostok CO2 data and the SPEC-MAP oxygen isotope values. A lag of 4.5 ka (CO2 preceding delta(18)O) gives the best results. A polynomial of order 5 explains 66% of the Vostok CO2 variance over the last 220 ka. The Northern Hemisphere ice-sheet volume was simulated over the past 575 ka using the LLN 2-D model, forced by insolation and these statistically reconstructed atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The simulated ice volume fluctuations resemble the deep-sea oxygen isotope variations. CO2 of interglacial level is necessary for explaining both the interglacial at oxygen isotopic stage 11 and our present-day interglacial.
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